Dryden's art of characterization in Absalom and Achitophel

Dryden's art of characterization in Absalom and Achitophel

Q. Dryden's art of characterization in Absalom and Achitophel

Answer: John Dryden's epic poem "Absalom and Achitophel" is a masterful work of political satire, written during a tumultuous period in English history. The poem, published in 1681, explores the events surrounding the Monmouth Rebellion and the political intrigues of the time. One of the most notable aspects of Dryden's poem is his art of characterization, which allows him to vividly portray the key figures involved in the political turmoil of the era.

Dryden's art of characterization is evident in his depiction of the two central characters in the poem: Absalom and Achitophel. Absalom, the illegitimate son of King David, represents the charismatic and ambitious figure who seeks to usurp the throne. Dryden portrays Absalom as a seductive and alluring figure, capable of winning over the hearts of the people through his charm and eloquence. He describes Absalom as "young and warm in blood, / A prince of grace" (line 164-165), highlighting his youthful energy and magnetic appeal.

On the other hand, Achitophel, the chief conspirator against King David, embodies the cunning and manipulative nature of a political schemer. Dryden presents Achitophel as a shrewd and calculating figure, skilled in the art of persuasion and manipulation. He describes Achitophel as "an old experienced statesman well-inclin'd, / In times when commonwealths seeme destin'd to be rul'd, and kings confin'd" (line 184-185), emphasizing his expertise in political affairs and his desire to limit the power of the monarchy.

Dryden's characterization extends beyond the central figures of the poem and encompasses a range of supporting characters as well. Each character is carefully crafted to serve a specific purpose in the narrative and to represent different factions and ideologies of the time. For example, Dryden portrays the character of Zimri, who represents the Duke of Buckingham, as a reckless and impulsive figure driven by self-interest. He describes Zimri as "a man so various, that he seem'd to be / Not one, but all mankind's epitome" (line 425-426), highlighting his lack of moral principles and his opportunistic nature.

Another notable character is Corah, who symbolizes the religious dissenters of the time. Dryden depicts Corah as a fanatic and zealot, driven by religious fervor and a desire for power. He describes Corah as "the graceless impious son of Zilpah" (line 95), suggesting his illegitimacy and his lack of legitimacy in challenging the established order.

Dryden's art of characterization also extends to his use of vivid and memorable physical descriptions. He employs striking imagery to bring his characters to life and to create a lasting impression in the minds of the readers. For example, he describes Absalom as having "a fairer person never trac'd in light" (line 98), emphasizing his physical beauty and charm. Similarly, he depicts Achitophel as having "a head for counsels fit, / A tongue for treaty, and a hand for fight" (line 102-103), highlighting his intellectual acumen and his ability to manipulate through words and actions.

Hence, John Dryden's "Absalom and Achitophel" showcases his remarkable art of characterization, through which he brings to life the key figures involved in the political turmoil of the time. His portrayal of Absalom, Achitophel, and other supporting characters is nuanced and multi-dimensional, allowing readers to gain insights into the complex motivations and ideologies at play. Dryden's use of vivid physical descriptions and his skillful use of language further enhance the impact of his characterization, making "Absalom and Achitophel" a timeless masterpiece of political satire.

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