Semantic (Literal) Translation: Definition, Features, and Example | SEC
Q. What is a semantic (literal) translation?
— Definition and examples
Answer: Semantic Translation is an important method of
translation. In this translation, the words of the source language are
translated into the target language in almost the same form. In this type of
translation the original meaning of the words is given priority. The structure
of the sentence is not changed much. The translator tries to give the direct
meaning of every word. That is why it is called literal translation.
This translation method is very useful in academic and educational
writing. At the university level, textbooks are often translated verbatim. This
helps students understand the basic idea. This type of translation is also
necessary in scientific, technical and legal texts. Changing the meaning of
words here can be risky.
Semantic translation is also used in the translation of religious texts.
This is because misinterpretation of one word can change the entire message.
Therefore, it is important to preserve the meaning of the original words. For
this reason the translator translates word-by-word.
There are some benefits of semantic translation. This preserves the
meaning of the original text. This makes the text look serious and official. It
is useful for students and researchers. This helps in understanding the
structure of language. It is also helpful for comparative study.
But it also has some limitations. Literal translation can sometimes seem
difficult. Sentences do not sound natural in the target language. Many times
emotions are not expressed properly. Literal translation of idioms and proverbs
may be meaningless. Therefore its use in literary works is limited.
Now a simple example can be given.
The English sentence is: “He is a good student.”
Its literal Hindi translation would be: “वह एक अच्छा छात्र है।”
In this example the direct meaning of each word is given. The structure
of the sentence is also almost the same. There is no change in meaning. This is
a simple example of semantic or literal translation.
In the end it can be said that semantic or literal translation is a
basic method of translation. This is helpful in preserving the meaning of the
original text. It is very useful in education, research and technical fields.
However, it is not suitable for every type of text. Nevertheless it has special
importance in translation studies.
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